Efecto de la administración de Cortexina en la expresión de Kisspeptina y Spexina tras la torsión testicular
Resumen
La kisspeptina (KISS) y la spexina (SPX) son neuropéptidos que desempeñan papeles cruciales en el metabolismo y la función sexual, y sus niveles de expresión en los tejidos pueden verse influidos por tratamientos antioxidantes. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar los efectos del tratamiento con cortexina contra la lesión por isquemia–reperfusión (I/R) resultante de la torsión testicular sobre los niveles de KISS y SPX en el tejido testicular. Veintiocho ratas albinas Wistar macho, de 8–10 semanas de edad, se dividieron en cuatro grupos iguales: control, torsión, torsión/detorsión y torsión/detorsión+cortexina. Al finalizar el experimento, se realizaron análisis histopatológicos e inmunohistoquímicos para evaluar las expresiones de KISS, SPX, factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (TNF–α) y caspasa–3 en los tejidos testiculares. Para los análisis bioquímicos, se midieron los niveles de estado antioxidante total (TAS) y estado oxidante total (TOS) en muestras de suero mediante el método ELISA, mientras que los niveles de malondialdehído [MDA] se evaluaron espectrofotométricamente en tejidos testiculares. Los resultados mostraron que, en comparación con el grupo de control, los grupos de torsión y torsión/detorsión presentaban un daño histopatológico significativo, junto con un aumento de los niveles de MDA, TOS, caspasa–3 y TNF–α, y una disminución de los niveles de TAS, KISS y SPX en los tejidos testiculares. Por el contrario, en el grupo de torsión+detorsión+cortexina, que recibió tratamiento para la lesión por reperfusión, se produjo una notable reducción del daño testicular, con una disminución de los niveles de MDA, TOS, caspasa–3 y TNF–α, junto con un aumento de los niveles de TAS, KISS y SPX. La cortexina disminuye el daño testicular reduciendo el estrés oxidativo y regula la expresión de kisspeptina y spexina.
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