El ácido ursodesoxicólico alivia la toxicidad hepática y renal inducida por Xanthium strumarium en ratas al inhibir la apertura de los poros mitocondriales
Resumen
En la toxicidad de Xanthium strumarium, la disfunción mitocondrial resultante de la apertura de los poros mitocondriales, se identifica como el mecanismo principal responsable del daño hepático y renal. Se sabe que el ácido ursodesoxicólico bloquea la apertura de los poros mitocondriales; por lo tanto, este estudio tiene como objetivo dilucidar el efecto terapéutico dependiente del tiempo del ácido ursodesoxicólico sobre el daño mitocondrial y las lesiones hepáticas y renales asociadas en respuesta a la exposición a X. strumarium. Después del proceso de extracción, a las ratas Sprague–Dawley se les administró extracto de semilla de X. strumarium (100 g·kg-1) por sonda. El ácido ursodesoxicólico se administró por sonda oral 6 horas después de la administración del extracto, y se continuó la administración durante un período de 7 días. En conclusión, el efecto tóxico de X. strumarium fue mitigado por el ácido ursodesoxicólico, que redujo la expresión de la ATP sintasa, el daño oxidativo, la concentración mitocondrial de Ca2+ y la apertura de los poros mitocondriales. El ácido ursodesoxicólico mitigó la toxicidad histopatológica inducida por X. strumarium, lo que resultó en una reducción de los niveles de glucosa en sangre, alanina aminotransferasa, aspartato aminotransferasa, fosfatasa alcalina, lactato deshidrogenasa, nitrógeno ureico en sangre y creatina fosfoquinasa que estaban más cerca de los niveles de control. Los hallazgos obtenidos indican que el ácido ursodesoxicólico, un bloqueador de la apertura de los poros mitocondriales, puede prevenir la disfunción mitocondrial y minimizar la toxicidad de X. strumarium.
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