Fluorescencia de la clorofila y estado nutricional foliar de plántulas de maracuyá (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) cultivadas en distintos sustratos orgánicos
Palabras clave:
biocarbon, compost, fluorescencia de clorofila, nutrición mineral, materia orgánica
Resumen
El maracuyá (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) presenta un alto valor económico y nutricional, y la fase de vivero es determinante para su desarrollo inicial. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la fluorescencia de la clorofila, el estado nutricional foliar y el crecimiento de plántulas de maracuyá en función de cuatro sustratos orgánicos: S1 (arena + biocarbón + materia orgánica), S2 (arena + compost + materia orgánica), S3 (arena + compost + tierra agrícola) y S4 (tierra agrícola), bajo un diseño completamente al azar. Se midieron las variables fisiológicas Fv/Fm, Φ(II) y ETR, así como la concentración foliar de macro y micronutrientes y variables de crecimiento, cuyos datos fueron analizados mediante ANOVA y prueba de Tukey (5 %). Las plantas cultivadas en el sustrato S2 presentaron la mayor eficiencia fotoquímica (Fv/Fm ≈ 0,79; Φ(II) ≈ 0,44; ETR ≈ 160), mientras que las cultivadas en el sustrato S1 mostraron las mayores concentraciones foliares de K, Fe y Zn. El análisis de componentes principales explicó el 71 % de la variabilidad total, asociando el sustrato S2 con un mejor desempeño fisiológico y de crecimiento. Se puede concluir que los sustratos con compost favorecen la eficiencia fotoquímica del PSII, mientras que aquellos que incluyen biocarbón se asocian con una mayor acumulación foliar de minerales.
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Tomaškinová, J., Brestič, M., Zivčák, M., & Kalaji, H. M. (2025). The impact of abiotic environmental stressors on chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic performance. Agronomy, 15(2), 263. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15020263
Wu, D., Zhang, Y., Gu, W., Feng, Z., Xiu, L., Zhang, W., & Chen, W. (2023). Long term co‐application of biochar and fertilizer could increase soybean yield under continuous cropping: insights from photosynthetic physiology. Journal Of The Science Of Food and Agriculture, 104(5), 3113-3122. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.13202
Yang, Y., Ye, C., Zhang, W., Zhu, X., Li, H., Yang, D., Ahmed, W., & Zhao, Z. (2023). Elucidating the impact of biochar with different carbon/nitrogen ratios on soil biochemical properties and rhizosphere bacterial communities of flue-cured tobacco plants. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14, 1250669. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1250669
Zhang, J., Li, T., & Wang, H. (2023). Effects of exogenous zinc on the physiological function of Passiflora edulis seedlings. Plants, 12(20), 3643. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10590096/
Zhou, B., Yang, Y., Sun, D., et al. (2023). Nitrogen regulation of chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic performance in horticultural crops. Agronomy, 13(7), 1749. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13071749.
Bonifácio, T. C., Ribeiro, C. H. M., Carlos, R. P., & Costa, L. F. (2025). Different substrates in the emergence and development of Passiflora edulis F. Seedlings. Revista de Agricultura Neotropical, 12(2), e9316. https://doi.org/10.32404/rean.v12i2.9316
Da Silva, L. N., Lima, L. K. S., dos Santos, I. S., Sampaio, S. R., Filho, M. A. C. & de Jesus, O. N. (2023). Biometrics and physiological parameters of sour passion fruit seedlings produced on organic substrates. Australian Journal of Crop Science (AJCS), 17(2). 118-129. https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.23.17.02.p3549
De Lima, G. S., da Silva, A. A. R., Torres, R. A. F., Soares, L. A. A., Gheyi, H. R., da Silva, F. A., Nobre, R. G., de Azevedo, C. A. V., Lopes, K. P., & Chaves, L. H. G. (2023). NPK accumulation, physiology, and production of sour passion fruit under salt stress irrigated with brackish water in the phenological stages and K fertilization. Plants, 12(7), 1573. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12071573
Faria, L. O., Souza, A. G.V., de Alvarenga, F. B., Silva, F. C. M., Junior, J. S. R., Amorim, V. A., Borges, L. P. & Matos, F. S. (2020). Passiflora edulis Growth Under Different Water Regimes Journal of Agricultural Science, 12(4). 231-231 https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n4p231
Freire, J. L. O., Moreira, G. H. D., Araújo, N. S., & Medeiros, A. K. A. (2022). Efeitos do carvão vegetal na produção de mudas de maracujazeiro-amarelo. Revista Principia, 59(2), 527–546. http://dx.doi.org/10.18265/1517-0306a2021id4967
Hauer-Jákli, M., & Tränkner, M. (2019). Critical leaf magnesium thresholds and the impact of magnesium on plant growth and photo-oxidative defense: a systematic review and meta-analysis from 70 years of research. Frontiers in Plant Science, 10, 766. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00766
Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos (INEC). 2023. Anuario de Producción Agrícola. Quito, Ecuador. Disponible en https://www.ecuadorencifras.gob.ec/documentos/web-inec/Estadisticas_agropecuarias/espac/2023/Boletin_tecnico_ESPAC_2023.pdf
Lessa, C. I. N., de Sousa, G. G., Sousa, H. C., de Lacerda, C. F., da Silva, A. O. & Guilherme, J. M. S. (2023). Morphophysiology of passion-fruit seedlings in different substrates under different strategies of irrigation with brackish water. Revista Ambiente & Água, 18, e3166. https://doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2907
Millaleo, R., Reyes-Díaz, M., Ivanov, A. G., Mora, M. L., & Alberdi, M. (2020). Manganese as essential and toxic element for plants: Transport, accumulation and signaling. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 151, 362–377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.04.039
Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería (MAG). 2020. Boletín Económico Agrícola. Quito, Ecuador. Recuperado de: https://www.agricultura.gob.ec/boletin-economico-agricola/.
Ni, Y., Lin, K., Chen, K., Wu, C., & Chang, Y. (2020). Flavonoid Compounds and Photosynthesis in Passiflora Plant Leaves under Varying Light Intensities. Plants, 9(5), 633. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9050633
Paixão, M. V. S., Denardi, B. E. F., Faian, M. S., Nandorf, R. J., & Felisberto, R. T. (2021). Substrates, emergence and initial development of passion fruit seedlings. Comunicata Scientiae, 12, e3515. https://doi.org/10.14295/cs.v12.3515.
Saleem, M. H., Usman, K., Rizwan, M., Al Jabri, H., & Alsafran, M. (2022). Functions and strategies for enhancing zinc availability in plants for sustainable agriculture. Frontiers in Plant Science, 13, 1033092. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1033092
Santos, C. C., Bernardes, R. da S., Goelzer, A., Scalon, S. de P. Q., & Vieira, M. do C. (2020). Chicken manure and luminous availability influence gas exchange and photochemical processes in Alibertia edulis seedlings. Engenharia Agrícola, 40(4), 420-432. https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v40n4p420-432/2020.
Silva, G. S., & Souza, M. M. (2020). Origin of the cultivated passion fruit Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa and genomic relationships among species of the subgenera Decaloba and Passiflora. Plant Biology, 22(3), 533-540. https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.13100
Su, X., Xin, Y., Zhou, C., Geng, S., Chen, S., Cai, N., Tang, J., Chen, L. & Xu, Y. (2024). The response and evaluation of morphology, physiology and biochemistry of triploid Passiflora edulis under drought treatment. Plantas, 13(12), 1685. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13121685
Sun, D., Hu, C., Yang, Y., Wang, H., Yan, T., Wu, C., Hu, Z., Lu, X., & Zhou, B. (2025). Synergistic effects of supplemental lighting and foliar phosphorus application on flowering in passion fruit (Passiflora edulis). Horticulturae, 11(5), 478. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11050478
Tomaškinová, J., Brestič, M., Zivčák, M., & Kalaji, H. M. (2025). The impact of abiotic environmental stressors on chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic performance. Agronomy, 15(2), 263. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15020263
Wu, D., Zhang, Y., Gu, W., Feng, Z., Xiu, L., Zhang, W., & Chen, W. (2023). Long term co‐application of biochar and fertilizer could increase soybean yield under continuous cropping: insights from photosynthetic physiology. Journal Of The Science Of Food and Agriculture, 104(5), 3113-3122. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.13202
Yang, Y., Ye, C., Zhang, W., Zhu, X., Li, H., Yang, D., Ahmed, W., & Zhao, Z. (2023). Elucidating the impact of biochar with different carbon/nitrogen ratios on soil biochemical properties and rhizosphere bacterial communities of flue-cured tobacco plants. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14, 1250669. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1250669
Zhang, J., Li, T., & Wang, H. (2023). Effects of exogenous zinc on the physiological function of Passiflora edulis seedlings. Plants, 12(20), 3643. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10590096/
Zhou, B., Yang, Y., Sun, D., et al. (2023). Nitrogen regulation of chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic performance in horticultural crops. Agronomy, 13(7), 1749. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13071749.
Publicado
2026-02-22
Cómo citar
Giler , L., Celi, A., Cedeño, G., & Cedeño-García, G. (2026). Fluorescencia de la clorofila y estado nutricional foliar de plántulas de maracuyá (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) cultivadas en distintos sustratos orgánicos. Revista De La Facultad De Agronomía De La Universidad Del Zulia, 43(1), e264315. Recuperado a partir de https://produccioncientifica.luz.edu.ve/index.php/agronomia/article/view/45220
Número
Sección
Producción Vegetal
Derechos de autor Luís Angel Giler Cool, Adriana Celi Soto, Galo Cedeño García, George Cedeño-García
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
