El impacto de la exposición al etanol durante el desarrollo fetal en la retina de embriones de pollo

  • Hadjira Boussouar University of El Oued, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Department of Agronomy. El Oued 39000, Algeria https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7504-9063
  • Fahima Neffar University of Batna 2, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Department of Ecology and Environment, 05000 Batna, 53 Route de Constantine. Fesdis, Batna 05078, Algeria https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0431-0519
  • Aicha Mouane University of Batna 2, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Department of Ecology and Environment, 05000 Batna, 53 Route de Constantine. Fesdis, Batna 05078, Algeria https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9799-132X
  • Sara Benrezak University of Mohamed Khider, Faculty of Nature and Life and Earth Sciences and the Univers,Department of Veterinary Sciences, 07000 Biskra, Algeria https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4598-4576
  • Ramzi Lamraoui University of Batna 2, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Department of Biology of Living Organisms.Batna (05110), Algeria https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9952-627X
  • Tarek Khenenou Mohamed CherrifMessaadia University, Institute of Agronomic and Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Science and Technic of living. Souk Ahras, Algeria https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3404-7838
  • Omar Bennoune Universityof Batna1, Institute of Veterinary Science and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Veterinary Sciences, ESPA Laboratory.Batna 05000, Algeria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2952-6327
Palabras clave: Alcohol, embrión de pollo, malformación, retina, efecto teratogénico

Resumen

Es bien sabido que el consumo excesivo de alcohol por parte de las mujeres embarazadas puede provocar mortalidad neonatal, retraso en el desarrollo fetal y malformaciones graves. En este estudio, utilizamos el modelo de embrión de pollo para demostrar el efecto teratogénico del etanol sobre el desarrollo de la retina. En esta investigación experimental se utilizaron 49 huevos fecundados. Para ello, se inyectaron diferentes dosis de etanol en los embriones de pollo al (10%, 30% y 50%) en el espacio aéreo. Los huevos se incubaron en una incubadora húmeda a una temperatura de 37 °C y a un 60- 65% de humedad. Al vigésimo día de incubación, se cascaron los huevos y se examinaron los pollitos teniendo en cuenta su longitud y su peso corporal. A estas operaciones siguió la resección de los globos oculares para un examen histológico. Los ojos se fijaron con formol al 10%. El ojo derecho se seccionó a 5μm con un micrótomo Leica. A continuación, se aplicó la tinción de hematoxilina-eosina en los porta objetos, que también se observaron al microscopio. La observación óptico-microscópica de las muestras oculares de cada grupo ha revelado que la exposición in ovo al etanol ha provocado cambios en la retina, incluidas las capas plexiforme interna y ganglionar. El grosor de estas dos capas disminuye en comparación con el grupo de control. En conclusión, los hallazgos actuales indican que el tratamiento de embriones de pollo con etanol en una fase temprana provoca anomalías significativas y una menor tasa de supervivencia embrionaria. El etanol tiene efectos nocivos en el desarrollo embrionario, como retraso del crecimiento y anomalías oculares; este efecto depende de la dosis.

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Publicado
2025-10-28
Cómo citar
1.
Boussouar H, Neffar F, Mouane A, Benrezak S, Lamraoui R, Khenenou T, Bennoune O. El impacto de la exposición al etanol durante el desarrollo fetal en la retina de embriones de pollo. Rev. Cient. FCV-LUZ [Internet]. 28 de octubre de 2025 [citado 30 de octubre de 2025];35(3):6. Disponible en: https://produccioncientifica.luz.edu.ve/index.php/cientifica/article/view/44702
Sección
Medicina Veterinaria