Cambios histopatológicos y el estrés del retículo endoplásmico en el tejido pulmonar de ratones con diabetes tipo 1
Resumen
El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar el impacto de la diabetes tipo 1 en el tejido pulmonar mediante técnicas histopatológicas e inmunohistoquímicas, con especial atención a si induce estrés del retículo endoplásmico en los pulmones. El experimento se realizó en 18 ratones machos Balb/c de dos meses de edad y un peso promedio de 40 gramos, asignados aleatoriamente a tres grupos: Control (n = 6), Sham (n = 6) y grupo diabético con estreptozotocina (n = 6). La diabetes fue inducida en el grupo estreptozotocina mediante una única inyección intraperitoneal de 100 mg·kg-1 de estreptozotocina. Al finalizar el período experimental, se realizaron análisis histopatológicos, inmunohistoquímicos y semicuantitativos. El análisis histopatológico reveló degeneración significativa, cambios apoptóticos en células epiteliales y tejido conectivo, dilatación capilar e infiltración de células inflamatorias en el grupo estreptozotocina en comparación con los grupos control y sham. El análisis inmunohistoquímico mostró una fuerte inmunorreactividad positiva para la proteína regulada por glucosa 78, factor nuclear kappa B y caspasa–3 en neumocitos tipo I y II, células club, células endoteliales y macrófagosalveolares del grupo estreptozotocina. Estas observaciones sugieren la posible inducción de estrés del retículo endoplásmico en los pulmones debido a la diabetes tipo 1, lo que finalmente conduce a diversas alteraciones histopatológicas.
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