Potencial como coagulante natural de sementes de Citrullus lanatus no tratamento de água potável
Palavras-chave:
coagulação, coagulantes naturais, mistura rápida, sementes de melancia, turbidez
Resumo
Os coagulantes naturais têm recebido atenção significativa devido à sua natureza biodegradável, custo-benefício e abundância de fontes. O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar a eficiência de sementes de Citrullus lanatus tratando águas sintéticas com três níveis de turbidez inicial (13, 75 e 200 NTU) aplicando quatro tempos rápidos de mistura (1, 2, 4 e 5 min) no processo de purificação. O coagulante foi preparado com 5 g da semente previamente moída, peneirada, desengordurada e diluída em volume de 1 L de água destilada. Os testes de frascos foram realizados nas doses de 50, 70, 90, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 400 e 500 mg.L-1, utilizando cor verdadeira e turbidez como parâmetros de controle. A coagulação foi realizada a uma velocidade de 100 rpm, enquanto a floculação durou 20 minutos a 30 rpm e a fase de repouso foi de 30 minutos. Obteve-se que as doses ótimas de C. lanatus no processo de tratamento foram 50, 150 e 300 mg.L-1 para águas com 13, 75 e 200 NTU, respectivamente, obtendo-se os maiores percentuais de remoção de turbidez (96,6 %) e cor verdadeira (94,4 %) em água com 75 NTU. Além disso, concluiu-se que o aumento do tempo na fase de mistura rápida provocou aumento nos níveis de turbidez e cor verdadeira; O tempo foi de 2 min, o que gerou águas que atendem aos valores desejados pela atual regulamentação venezuelana que contempla 1 UNT para turbidez e 5 UC Pt-Co para cor.
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Referências
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Awad, M., Wang, H. y Li, F. (2013). Preliminary study on the combined use of Moringa seed extract and PAC for water treatment. Journal of recent science, 2(8), 52-55.
Balbinoti, J., Jorge, R., Santos, R., Balbinoti, T., De Almeida, L. y De Jesus, F. (2024). Treatment of low-turbidity water by coagulation combining Moringa oleifera Lam and polyaluminium chloride (PAC). Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 12(1), 111624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2023.111624.
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Junho, A., Dos Santos, I. y Silva, A. (2021). Treatment of wastewater from the dairy industry with Moringa oleifera using two different methods, Research, Society and Development, 10, e21710716514, https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16514.
Lipps, W. C.; Braun-Howland, E. B y Baxter, T. E. (Eds.). (2022) Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 24th ed. Washington DC: APHA Press.
Mandizvo, T., Odindo, A. y Mashilo, J. (2022). Nutrient composition and physical properties of citron watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (L.H. Bailey) Mansf. ex Greb.) seeds are related to seed coat visual appearance. South African journal of botany, 145, 405-419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2022.02.015.
Mishra, R. (2023). Disponibilidad de agua dulce y su desafío global. British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies, 4(3), 1–78.
Okuda, T., Baes, W., Nishijima, N. y Okada, M. (2001). Coagulation mechanism of salt solution extracted active component in Moringa oleifera seeds. Water Research 35(3), 830-834. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0043-1354(00)00296-7.
Organización Mundial de la Salud y Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia [OMS-UNICEF] (2015). Informe en materias de saneamiento y agua potable. Informe de actualización y evaluación del ODM. Ginebra, Suiza. https://www.unwater.org/sites/default/files/app/uploads/2020/04/WHOUNICEF-Joint-Monitoring-Program-for-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation-JMP- %E2 %80 %93-2015-Update_ESP.pdf
Pérez, E. (2016). Control de calidad en aguas para consumo humano en la región occidental de Costa Rica. Tecnología en Marcha, 29(3), 3-14. http://dx.doi.org/tm.v29i3.2884
Roy, C., Sati, V. P., Biswas, A. y Kumar, S. (2023). Status of drinking water, sanitation facilities, and hygiene in West Bengal: evidence from the National Family Health Survey of India (NFHS), 2019–2021. Journal of water sanitation and hygiene for development, 13(1), 50-62. https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2023.228.
Salinas, D. La Cruz, L., Zambrano, L, Rodríguez, J. Sanoja, K. Luque, R., Fernández, K., Gómez, Y. y Baquerizo, R. (2023). Evaluation of a continuous flow electrocoagulation reactor for turbidity removal from surface water. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 198, 478-488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2023.08.049
Sathish S., Vikram, S. y Suraj, R. (2018). Effectiveness of turbidity removal from synthetic and tannery wastewater by using seeds of a natural coagulant Citrullus lanatus. Nature Environment and Pollution Technology: An International Quarterly Scientific Journal, 17(2), 551-553. https://www.neptjournal.com/upload-images/NL-64-30-(28)B-3487.pdf
Ugwu, N., Umuokoro, A., Echiegu, E., Ugwuishiwu, B. y Enweremadu, C. (2017). Comparative study of the use of natural and artificial coagulants for the treatment of sullage (domestic wastewater). Cogent Engineering, 4(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311916.2017.1365676
Adugna, A. y Gebresilasie, N. (2018). Aloe steudneri gel as natural flocculant for textile wastewater treatment. Water practice and technology, 13(3), 495-504. https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2018.062.
Association of Official Analytical Chemists [AOAC]. (2005). Official method of Analysis. 18th Edition, Association of Officiating Analytical Chemists, Washington DC, Method 935.14 and 992.24.
Arciniega, M., Ávila, J. y Hernández P. (2024). Remoción de sólidos totales en agua mediante coagulantes naturales: Semillas de linaza, chía y zaragatona. Producción Agropecuaria y Desarrollo Sostenible, 12(1), 115-129. https://doi.org/10.5377/payds.v12i1.17420
Arias, J., Vergara, J., Arias, E., Gould, A. y Gazabon, D. (2020). Evaluation of low-cost alternatives for water purification in the stilt house villages of Santa Marta's Cienaga Grande. Heliyon, 6(1), e03062. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e03062
Awad, M., Wang, H. y Li, F. (2013). Preliminary study on the combined use of Moringa seed extract and PAC for water treatment. Journal of recent science, 2(8), 52-55.
Balbinoti, J., Jorge, R., Santos, R., Balbinoti, T., De Almeida, L. y De Jesus, F. (2024). Treatment of low-turbidity water by coagulation combining Moringa oleifera Lam and polyaluminium chloride (PAC). Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 12(1), 111624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2023.111624.
Bina, B., Mehdinejad, M., Nikaeen, M. y Movahedian, H. (2009). Effectiveness of chitosan as natural coagulant aid in treating turbid waters. Iranian Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering., 6(4):247-252.
Carrasquero, S., Martínez, M., Castro, M., Díaz, A. y Colina, G. (2019). Remoción de turbidez usando semillas de Tamarindus indica como coagulante en la potabilización de aguas. Bases de la ciencia, 4(1), 19-44.
Carrasquero, S., Lozano, Y., García, M., Camacho, M., Rincón, A. y Mas y Rubí, M. (2015). Eficiencia de las semillas de durazno (Prunus persica) como coagulante en la potabilización de aguas. Boletín del Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, 49(3), 239-25.
Comisión Venezolana de Normas Industriales [COVENIN]. (1980). Norma venezolana. Productos cereales y leguminosos. Determinación de grasas. COVENIN No. 1553-80. Caracas, Venezuela.
COVENIN (1981a). Norma venezolana. Productos cereales y leguminosos. Determinación de cenizas. COVENIN No. 1783-81. Caracas, Venezuela.
COVENIN (1981b). Norma venezolana. Productos cereales y leguminosos. Determinación de grasas. COVENIN No. 1785-81. Caracas, Venezuela.
Dahasahastra, V., Balasundaram, K. y Latkar, M. (2022). Turbidity removal from synthetic turbid water using coagulant recovered from water treatment sludge: A potential method to recycle and conserve aluminium. Hydrometallurgy, 213, e105939. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2022.105939.
Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia [UNICEF] (2014). Agua, saneamiento e higiene. https://www.unicef.org/es/agua-saneamiento-higiene.
Gaceta Oficial de la República de Venezuela [GORBV] (1998). Normas sanitarias de calidad del agua potable. No. 36.395, de fecha 13 de febrero de 1998. Caracas, Venezuela.
Junho, A., Dos Santos, I. y Silva, A. (2021). Treatment of wastewater from the dairy industry with Moringa oleifera using two different methods, Research, Society and Development, 10, e21710716514, https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16514.
Lipps, W. C.; Braun-Howland, E. B y Baxter, T. E. (Eds.). (2022) Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 24th ed. Washington DC: APHA Press.
Mandizvo, T., Odindo, A. y Mashilo, J. (2022). Nutrient composition and physical properties of citron watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides (L.H. Bailey) Mansf. ex Greb.) seeds are related to seed coat visual appearance. South African journal of botany, 145, 405-419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2022.02.015.
Mishra, R. (2023). Disponibilidad de agua dulce y su desafío global. British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies, 4(3), 1–78.
Okuda, T., Baes, W., Nishijima, N. y Okada, M. (2001). Coagulation mechanism of salt solution extracted active component in Moringa oleifera seeds. Water Research 35(3), 830-834. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0043-1354(00)00296-7.
Organización Mundial de la Salud y Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia [OMS-UNICEF] (2015). Informe en materias de saneamiento y agua potable. Informe de actualización y evaluación del ODM. Ginebra, Suiza. https://www.unwater.org/sites/default/files/app/uploads/2020/04/WHOUNICEF-Joint-Monitoring-Program-for-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation-JMP- %E2 %80 %93-2015-Update_ESP.pdf
Pérez, E. (2016). Control de calidad en aguas para consumo humano en la región occidental de Costa Rica. Tecnología en Marcha, 29(3), 3-14. http://dx.doi.org/tm.v29i3.2884
Roy, C., Sati, V. P., Biswas, A. y Kumar, S. (2023). Status of drinking water, sanitation facilities, and hygiene in West Bengal: evidence from the National Family Health Survey of India (NFHS), 2019–2021. Journal of water sanitation and hygiene for development, 13(1), 50-62. https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2023.228.
Salinas, D. La Cruz, L., Zambrano, L, Rodríguez, J. Sanoja, K. Luque, R., Fernández, K., Gómez, Y. y Baquerizo, R. (2023). Evaluation of a continuous flow electrocoagulation reactor for turbidity removal from surface water. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 198, 478-488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2023.08.049
Sathish S., Vikram, S. y Suraj, R. (2018). Effectiveness of turbidity removal from synthetic and tannery wastewater by using seeds of a natural coagulant Citrullus lanatus. Nature Environment and Pollution Technology: An International Quarterly Scientific Journal, 17(2), 551-553. https://www.neptjournal.com/upload-images/NL-64-30-(28)B-3487.pdf
Ugwu, N., Umuokoro, A., Echiegu, E., Ugwuishiwu, B. y Enweremadu, C. (2017). Comparative study of the use of natural and artificial coagulants for the treatment of sullage (domestic wastewater). Cogent Engineering, 4(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311916.2017.1365676
Publicado
2025-05-20
Como Citar
Carrasquero, S., Díaz, A., & Pire, M. (2025). Potencial como coagulante natural de sementes de Citrullus lanatus no tratamento de água potável. Revista Da Faculdade De Agronomia Da Universidade De Zulia, 42(2), e254224. Obtido de https://produccioncientifica.luz.edu.ve/index.php/agronomia/article/view/43856
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Meio Ambiente
Direitos de Autor (c) 2025 Sedolfo Jose Carrasquero Ferrer, Altamira Rosa Díaz Montiel, María Carolina Pire Sierra
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