Comparación de parámetros bioquímicos séricos en cabras de mohair de color Siirt con cetosis y sanas durante la lactancia temprana para identificar posibles biomarcadores de cetosis de lactancia
Resumen
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar los parámetros bioquímicos séricos entre cabras mohair de color Siirt cetósicas y sanas durante la lactancia temprana, con el fin de diagnosticar la cetosis subclínica de la lactancia e identificar posibles biomarcadores. Se evaluaron 77 cabras hembras, entre 2 y 5 años de edad y dentro de los 30 días posparto, bajo condiciones de manejo similares. Los animales se clasificaron en dos grupos según los niveles séricos de ácido β–hidroxibutírico: cetosis subclínica de la lactancia (n = 37) y controles sanos (n = 40). Los niveles de ácido β–hidroxibutírico fueron significativamente más altos en el grupo con cetosis (0,891 ± 0,0141 mmol·L-1) en comparación con el grupo control (0,595 ± 0,0159 mmol·L-1, P<0,001), lo que confirma su valor diagnóstico. Los demás parámetros séricos no mostraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos (P>0,05). Por otro lado, el análisis del tamaño del efecto reveló que el nivel de glucosa disminuyó en las cabras con cetosis subclínica de la lactancia, mientras que el colesterol aumentó (tamaño del efecto grande). El estudio concluyó que la mayoría de los indicadores hepáticos y metabólicos se mantuvieron dentro de los rangos normales, mientras que los niveles de glucosa y colesterol cambiaron debido a la cetosis subclínica de la lactancia. Estos datos indican que la alimentación basada en pastoreo bajo condiciones extensivas puede ser insuficiente para satisfacer los requerimientos energéticos de las cabras durante la lactancia, y enfatizan la importancia de la detección bioquímica temprano durante la lactancia para el manejo eficaz de los trastornos metabólicos en esta etapa inicial en las cabras. Por lo tanto, se recomienda realizar estudios adicionales para ampliar el conocimiento sobre el efecto de la cetosis de la lactancia en los cambios metabólicos en cabras.
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