Clasificación de provincias apícolas en Turquía usando método de minería de datos e investigación en las tendencias de producción. Nota técnica
Resumen
La apicultura ocupa un lugar importante tanto en la alimentación humana como económicamente en todo el mundo. El objetivo de este estudio es clasificar las provincias de Turquía según los indicadores de producción apícola utilizando el método de agrupación de K–Means. Además, utilizando datos nacionales sobre indicadores de producción, se determinaron las tendencias de aumento y disminución a lo largo del tiempo. En el estudio se analizaron cinco indicadores de producción (número de empresas, número de colonias, producción total de miel, producción de cera de abejas, rendimiento de la miel) para los años 1991–2022. Para clasificar las ciudades de forma más objetiva y realista se utilizó el método de agrupación K–Means, que es un método de minería de datos, y para determinar las tendencias se emplearon las pruebas Sen Trend y Mann–Kendall modificada. Como resultado del método de agrupación K–Means, se obtuvo una estructura de tres clusters formada por 4, 11 y 66 ciudades. En el clúster 1, el de mayor productividad, se incluyeron las ciudades de Ordu, Muğla, Adana y Sivas (P<0,001). Estas ciudades destacan por diferentes aspectos. En Adana, que se encuentra en la región mediterránea, la producción de colonias continúa en los meses de invierno. En Ordu, que destaca en la Región del Mar Negro, la aplicación de modernos programas de formación desempeña un papel importante en la consecución de un alto rendimiento de miel por colonia. Por otra parte, cuando se analizaron los resultados del análisis de tendencias Sen, se encontró una tendencia negativa en el rendimiento de miel por colonia, mientras que en otros indicadores se encontró una tendencia positiva (todos P<0,001). Como resultado, se ha determinado que es esencial implementar prácticas de apoyo a la productividad apícola en las provincias de los Clusters 2 y 3 para aumentar la productividad. En este sentido, se puede contribuir a las actividades apícolas globales garantizando tendencias al alza en todos los indicadores de producción.
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