Mortality in three species of bats of the genus Pteronotus Gray, 1838 (Mammalia, Chiroptera, Mormoopidae) due to overpopulation, and harassment by blaberid cockroaches, in a Venezuelan cave
Mortalidad en tres especies de murciélagos del género Pteronotus Gray, 1838 (Mammalia, Chiroptera, Mormoopidae) debida a sobrepoblación, y hostigamiento por cucarachas blabéridas, en una cueva venezolana
Palabras clave:
agresión interespecífica, Blaberidae, Blattodea, depredación, Dictyoptera, invertebrados del guano, Llanos venezolanos, Pteronotus davyi, Pteronotus gymnonotus, Pteronotus personatus
Resumen
Casi la mitad de las especies de murciélagos del mundo se refugia en cuevas. Pese a que se cree que la disponibilidad de cuevas limita su abundancia, la sobrepoblación de refugios no ha sido listada como una causa de mortalidad en masa de murciélagos cavernícolas, lo cual sugiere que la depredación y otros factores normalmente les impiden superar la capacidad de carga de las cuevas. Reportamos mortalidad probablemente debida a sobrepoblación del refugio en tres especies de murciélagos insectívoros que habitan una pequeña cueva ubicada en un afloramiento no kárstico en los Llanos venezolanos. Fuera de la cueva se encontraron abundantes restos de murciélagos arrastrados por el agua de lluvia. En la entrada de la cueva, los murciélagos dormían expuestos a la luz solar (un comportamiento altamente inusual para la especie involucrada), corriendo el riesgo de deshidratarse y ser detectados por depredadores diurnos. Dentro de la cueva, el techo, las paredes y parte del suelo estaban densamente cubiertos por murciélagos. En el suelo, los murciélagos estaban descansando en posición cuadrúpeda e interactuaban de forma agonística con grandes cucarachas guanófilas. La mayoría de los murciélagos tenían lesiones en la piel aparentemente causadas por mordeduras de cucarachas. Atribuimos estos hallazgos a la sobrepoblación de refugios y sugerimos que, debido a la orografía, la litología y la elevada producción primaria en la región, las cuevas utilizadas como refugio por murciélagos insectívoros son escasas relativamente a la abundancia de insectos presa.
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Publicado
2025-08-01
Cómo citar
Molinari, J., & Gutiérrez, E. E. (2025). Mortality in three species of bats of the genus Pteronotus Gray, 1838 (Mammalia, Chiroptera, Mormoopidae) due to overpopulation, and harassment by blaberid cockroaches, in a Venezuelan cave: Mortalidad en tres especies de murciélagos del género Pteronotus Gray, 1838 (Mammalia, Chiroptera, Mormoopidae) debida a sobrepoblación, y hostigamiento por cucarachas blabéridas, en una cueva venezolana. Anartia, (40), 28-38. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16501801
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