REVISTA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DEL ZULIA. 3ª época. Año 12 N° 34, 2021
fertility, many children, the lowest life expectancy, fewmigrants, the highest morbidity, very
low literacy and education levels, strong corruption, the worst indicators of all variables
reflecting the observance of human rights.
Cluster 3 (C3) - 26% of observations. This is almost the complete opposite of the
previous "dysfunctional" cluster: High NPI, low corruption, excellent indicators of the index
of happiness and equality, low morbidity, low birth rate, high mortality, many migrants
(
Siluyanova, 2019).
Cluster 4 (C4) - 6% of observations. These countries show an average NPI, relatively
high inflation rates, and lowunemployment. The birth rate here is low, and the mortality rate
is very high. There are a lot of children and the elderly in the population structure, the average
number of migrants, average indicators of corruption, happiness, inequality, high literacy and
a high rate of remittances of migrants abroad.
Cluster 5 (C5) - 6% of observations. Typical features are a high NPI, low
unemployment, and no inflation. This is the average birth rate, very low mortality, high life
expectancy, very few old people and a lot of migrants. At the same time, the indices of
happiness and inequality are average, or high and a record indicator of outgoing remittances
of migrants.
We identified two “prosperous” groups, one group with dramatically poor
performance, and two groups in between. The map we have built perfectly reproduces the
geopolitical concept of dividing countries into developed, transitional and third world
countries. One of these concepts - world-systems analysis - suggests dividing the world-
system into core, periphery and semi-periphery with properties very similar to the identified
properties of clusters. Thus, “safe” clusters (C5, C3) represent the core, “dysfunctional” (C2)
—the periphery, and the layer (C1) —semi-periphery. We are even more convinced of the
similarity of the classification with the world-system interpretation by examining the lists
of clusters (Table 2).
The prosperous clusters included the European states and Canada (C3) and the
countries of the Middle East (C5). The disadvantaged cluster is the countries of Africa.
“
Interlayer” (C1) - Asian and Latin American countries.
Next comes the most important part of this stage of the analysis; this is an
examination of the map of the distribution of individual variables (Figure 3).
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