Opción

Art, Education and Social Transformation

Julio César García Delgado — 2025-01-22

The Mural as a Pedagogical Tool: An Ethnographic Methodology for Preserving Historical Memory in Educational Settings

Josué David Fonseca Millán — 2025-01-28

This article investigates the mural as an innovative pedagogical tool for teaching history and preserving collective memory in secondary education contexts in Venezuela. Through a qualitative ethnographic methodology, the study analyzes the collaborative process by which students create thematic murals—particularly one dedicated to the Naval Battle of Lake Maracaibo—as a strategy for meaningful learning. Findings reveal that this practice not only deepens historical understanding but also fosters socioemotional skills, teamwork, and a renewed sense of cultural identity and community belonging. The study proposes a replicable model that validates visual art as a transformative agent in education, highlighting its potential to reconstruct local narratives from the voices of the students themselves

Towards a Transformative Pedagogy for Peace in Venezuela: An Analysis of the Gap between Curricular Intent and Teaching Practice

Teresa Reyes — 2025-01-28

This report analyzes the disjunction between curricular intention and pedagogical praxis in peace education in Venezuela. Through the analysis of teacher discourse, a gap that leads to a positivist-technical pacifist model is evidenced, which is far from the sociocritical vision of the curriculum. It is concluded that the didactic weaknesses of the teacher lead them to adopt control and repression strategies, perpetuating a cycle of unresolved violence. A set of guidelines is proposed to catalyze the transition towards a transformative pedagogy, anchored in humanism and critical theory.

El mantenimiento de la discriminación de género en el lugar de trabajo como institución: Estudio de caso brasileño

Martiele Gonçalves Moreira — 2025-01-28

Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo analizar los hábitos y comportamientos que demuestran y promueven la discriminación contra la mujer en el ámbito laboral. Como lente teórico se utilizó la perspectiva vebleniana, que entiende que las instituciones son la forma de pensar de los hombres y que los individuos tienen costumbres, hábitos y comportamientos que legitiman nuevas instituciones o corroboran las existentes. Un estudio de caso descriptivo-exploratorio, cualitativo, analizó la institución de la discriminación contra la mujer en el ámbito laboral. Se pudo identificar que existe una clara definición del espacio de trabajo femenino y masculino, configurando la división sexual del trabajo.

The Importance of Art in Intercultural Education: Experiences from Pluricultural Contexts

Egilda Morillo Medina — 2025-01-28

This article explores how art, particularly music and other cultural expressions, can serve as a didactic resource in pluricultural contexts, with a focus on the Wayuu ethnic group. It examines its role in intercultural education to promote the recognition and appreciation of cultural differences. Through case studies and interviews, challenges such as the lack of resources and resistance to change are identified. The findings highlight the importance of art in preserving cultural identities and strengthening community bonds. Inclusive pedagogical models that integrate local cultural practices are proposed.

Discourse analysis of the phenomenon of technological consumption in Latin urban music: from the screen to the skin (2006-2016)

Miguel Ángel Moncada Perozo — 2025-01-28

Este artículo analiza el discurso audiovisual de la música urbana latina (2006-2016), enfocándose en temas centrales más allá de la cronología. Se estudia cómo los videoclips no solo registran la integración de dispositivos digitales en la vida diaria, sino que también construyen un nuevo orden simbólico donde la tecnología extiende la subjetividad. A través de la sociología de la comunicación, los estudios visuales y la teoría del performance, se exploran tres ejes: la reconfiguración de lo público y privado, la identidad moldeada por la conectividad y la fusión cuerpo-dispositivo. Los resultados evidencian que la música urbana redefine formas de habitar el mundo, normalizando la hipervisibilidad y la afectividad mediada, donde lo digital y físico convergen en una nueva socialidad.

From the Oil Crisis to the Emergence of Charismatic Leadership: Arnoldo Struve and the Reconfiguration of Community Destiny

Naida Arrieta Ríos — 2025-01-28

This article examines the role of charismatic leadership in processes of social transformation, using the case of Arnoldo Struve during the relocation of Pueblo Viejo to Mene Grande in 1966. Through the analysis of oral testimonies, documents, archival photographs, and newspaper articles, it explores how an individual figure managed to mobilize a community in crisis, negotiate with an oil corporation, and redefine the collective destiny. Inspired by Geertz’s model of personality structures and Weberian charisma theory, it is argued that Struve acted as a catalytic agent in a context of cultural tension, environmental crisis, and institutional weakness. The article demonstrates that his authority was not based on formal power but on personal conviction, which generated consensus and collective action. Additionally, it analyzes how charisma was partially institutionalized, leaving a symbolic legacy within the community. The study contributes to the field of political anthropology and to the understanding of social change from an interpretive perspective.

NATO, the Western Nuclear Umbrella: Effective or Not?

Sebastián Argüello — 2025-01-28

The text reflects on NATO's nuclear deterrence is crucial for maintaining peace, assessing its effectiveness and viability amid recent geopolitical changes. Its strategy is based on the interplay between security, politics, and nuclear defense, as highlighted by authors like Brooks and Wohlforth, who emphasize its stabilizing role in Europe. Methodologically, documentary analysis was applied, reviewing key sources such as NATO strategic concepts and academic literature to identify historical patterns, doctrines, and tensions. While vital in preventing direct conflicts, nuclear deterrence poses ethical and security challenges, including the threat of nuclear terrorism. Conclusions stress the need to modernize this strategy, promoting disarmament and non-proliferation to strengthen global security in the long term.

Amor, sexo y pecado en Mérida colonial

Juan Carlos Morales Manzur — 2025-01-28