BARRISO Pedagogical Model for the Development of Spatial Geometric Thinking
Abstract
The teaching of mathematics is becoming increasingly important in schools, driven by the
application of various strategies and the use of resources to enhance students' skills. However,
mathematics has been fragmented, with geometry being one of the branches with less time
intensity in schools and seen as a theoretical, difficult and abstract subject, also presenting
problems with the approach of its contents and the poor training of teachers to teach it. The
purpose of this article is to describe the BARRISO pedagogical model, which provides
theoretical and methodological guidelines oriented to the development of spatial geometric
thinking in elementary and middle school students. This model has didactic strategies, resources,
criteria, principles and a functional structure for teaching geometry. For its design, a qualitative
methodological approach with phenomenological design was taken into account, which allowed
for adaptability, flexibility, iterativity and the necessary elements so that it can be implemented
considering pedagogical, social, historical and cultural factors. By using pedagogical actions in
the teaching of geometry as didactic strategies of the model, students can question, explore and
argue their geometric solutions, using as support the material developed in class to be
formatively evaluated, contributing to critical thinking and deep understanding of geometric
concepts and definitions.
Keywords: pedagogical model, didactic strategies, resources, geometric thinking, spatial
thinking, geometry
Introducción
La educación es uno de los aspectos más importantes que tiene la humanidad, es
concebida como el fundamento de la evolución de la sociedad y apunta a la mejora de la calidad
de vida de los individuos, por lo que Miranda (2022), expresa que aprender y adquirir
conocimiento implica, más allá de la simple memorización, el desarrollo de habilidades
cognitivas como el análisis, la síntesis y, especialmente, la comparación y la identificación de
relaciones entre saberes.
Hoy en día, las instituciones educativas buscan mejorar el desarrollo de habilidades en los
estudiantes en las ciencias básicas, siendo matemáticas unas de las más importantes. No obstante,
se hace notorio que las áreas como la aritmética, el álgebra y el cálculo dispongan de mayor
intensidad horaria que asignaturas como la geometría y la estadística. Basado en Quijano y
Corica (2021), es necesario romper con las fragmentaciones de la disciplina y buscar la