ISSN2477-9458
BOLETÍN DEL
CENTRO DE
INVESTIGACIONES
BIOLÓGICAS
Fenotipo de la resistencia a MLSB y la tipificación estructural
del cassette cromososmal mec (SCCmec) en Staphylococcus
aureus resistentes a meticilina procedentes de manos de
manipuladores de alimentos.
Víctor Pico-Bracho, Jhoandry Rivera-Salazar, Velina Aranaga-
Natera, Isabel Mujica de Fernández, Yolaimis La Paz-Delgado e
Irene Zabala-Díaz…...……………………………………………….
1
Paracymus de Venezuela (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae:
Laccobiini), Parte VII: Registro de seis nuevas especies.
Mauricio García Ramírez…….……..………………….......................
20
Influencia del régimen hidrológico sobre la composición de
sedimentos de manglares en la Bahía de El Tablazo (Sistema
de Maracaibo).
Flora Barboza, Ana Marta Francisco, Jacinto Sánchez y Ernesto
Medina………………………………………………………………………
45
Discovery of two new genera of detritivorous aquatic beetles
Toneroides, in the Venezuelan Amazon (Coleoptera:
Noteridae: Noterinae).
Mauricio García Ramírez…………….……………………….……..…....
67
Notas científicas.
Nuevas observaciones y ampliación del rango altitudinal del
gabán Mycteria americana (Linnaeus, 1758) en los Andes
de Venezuela, sugieren desplazamientos entre
biorregiones.
Luis A. Saavedra, Alexis Araujo-Quintero y Carla I. Aranguren…..
112
Notes on the genera Suphisellus Crotch, 1873 and Suphisellus
Zimmermann, 1919, a cocktail of encrypted Suphiselloides
genera (Coleoptera: Noteridae: Noterinae: Noterini).
Mauricio García Ramírez…………………………..…………..……….
124
Instrucciones a los autores……………….…..…………………………
138
Instructions for authors………………….………………………….…
148
Vol. 58, N0 1, Pp. 1-157, Enero-Junio 2024
UNA REVISTA INTERNACIONAL DE BIOLOGÍA PUBLICADA
POR
LA UNIVERSIDAD DEL ZULIA, MARACAIBO, VENEZUELA
Boletín del Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas
Vol. 58. Nº 1, Enero-Junio 2024, Pp. 124-137 124
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13289127
NOTA CIENTÍFICA.
Notes on the genera Suphisellus Crotch, 1873 and Suphisellus
Zimmermann, 1919, a cocktail of encrypted Suphiselloides genera
(Coleoptera: Noteridae: Noterinae: Noterini)
Mauricio M. García Ramírez1, 2
1Laboratorio de Taxidermia y preparados anatómicos “Ramón de Jesús Acosta”,
Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas. Facultad de Humanidades y Educación de La
Universidad del Zulia, Edif. De Postgrado, Zulia 4001-A, Apartado. 526,
Maracaibo, Zulia, Venezuela. ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3238-9527.
²Museo de Artrópodos de La Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Agronomía. LUZ-
Maracaibo. 4002-A, Apartado 526, Zulia, Venezuela.
E-mail: liocanthydrus@yahoo.es
ABSTRACT
The genus Suphisellus harbors genetically divergent taxa due to poor
characterization and lack of comparison with the type species, S. bicolor Crotch,
1873. These differences are manifested in the genitalia and other morphological
characters of all species considered to belong to the genus. However, they all share
one common character state (the pseudo-triangular proventral process) and two
additional ones (a cleft of the fourth maxillary palpomere and a lateral fold of the
pronotum). The latter two are not found in all species and, when present, show great
variability, indicating the presence of different generic taxa. Currently, 51 species of
Suphisellus are recorded, but not all have the genital terminalia and their genitalia
studied, especially the genitalia of the female. The genus itself represents a mixture
or assemblage of Neotropical and Nearctic generic taxa encrypted. This situation,
together with the morphological variations of groups of taxa that have been grouped
under common characters, creating new genera, suggests the creation of a
"Suphisellus or Suphiselloides genus group". Key is constructed to separate the
Suphiselloides genera and a map with the geographic distribution in Venezuela.
Key words: aquatic coleopteran; Genus Group; Nearctic; Neotropics;
Suphisellus; Taxonomy.
Nota sobre el género Suphisellus.
García Ramírez.
125
Notas sobre el género Suphisellus Crotch, 1873 and Suphisellus Zimmermann,
1919, un Cóctel de géneros Suphiselloides encriptados (Coleoptera: Noteridae:
Noterinae: Noterini)
RESUMEN
El género Suphisellus alberga taxones genéticamente divergentes debido a una
caracterización deficiente y la falta de comparación con la especie tipo, S. bicolor
Crotch, 1873. Estas diferencias se manifiestan en los genitales y otros caracteres
morfológicos de todas las especies consideradas como pertenecientes al género. No
obstante, todas comparten un estado de carácter común (la apófisis proventral
pseudo triangular) y dos adicionales (una hendidura del cuarto palpómero maxilar y
un pliegue lateral del pronoto). Estos dos últimos no se encuentran en todas las
especies y, cuando están, presentan gran variabilidad, lo que indica la presencia de
diferentes taxones genéricos. Actualmente, se registran 51 especies de Suphisellus,
pero no todas tienen la terminalia genital y sus genitales estudiados, sobre todo el
genital de la hembra. El género en sí mismo representa una mezcla o un conjunto de
taxones genéricos Neotropicales y Neártica encriptados. Esta situación, junto con las
variaciones morfológicas de grupos de taxones que han sido agrupados bajo
caracteres comunes, creando nuevos géneros, sugiere la creación de un "Grupo de
géneros Suphisellus o Suphiselloides". Se construye una clave para separar los
géneros Suphiselloides y un mapa con la distribución geográfica en Venezuela.
Palabras clave: coleóptero acuático; Grupo de Géneros; Neártico; Neotrópico;
Taxonomía; Suphisellus.
Recibido / Received: 10-03-2024 ~ Aceptado / Accepted: 31-05-2024
INTRODUCTION
In 1948, H. B. Leech designated Noterus bicolor Say, 1830 as the type species
of the genus Suphisellus Crotch, 1873. In 1921, A. Zimmermann coined the same
name for an identical generic concept. Leech mentioned that Zimmermann had not
known Crotch's proposal for the generic name Suphisellus. It should be noted that
earlier Guignot (1946) had designated Suphisellus variicollis Zimmermann, 1921 as
the type species of the genus Suphisellus, already occupied by Crotch's (1873) pro-
Boletín del Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas
Vol. 58. Nº 1, Enero-Junio 2024, Pp. 124-137 126
posal (Leech 1948). Although there is no conclusive evidence, it is evident that
Zimmermann was aware of the generic concept of Suphisellus. Despite this, he
named as Suphisellus the species he had previously included in the genus
Canthydrus in Junk's Coleopterorum Catalogus of 1920, except for C. buqueti
(Laporte) and the two species C. octoguttatus and C. imijormis, all from South
America (Leech 1970).
The issue does not lie in a plagiarism of the generic concept, but rather that
both Crotch and Zimmermann were referring to different taxa from a systematic and
biogeographical point of view. Crotch's taxon Suphisellus is confined to the Nearctic
region, whereas Zimmermann's is restricted to species of the Neotropical region.
Both groups present divergent morphological characteristics. In fact Zimmermann
did not include the species Suphisellus bicolor within the genus Suphisellus,
therefore the names of both authors are considered different taxa. Thus Suphisellus
described by Zimmermann in 1921 becomes a homonym and junior synonym of
Suphisellus coined by Crotch in 1873.
Between 2018 and 2019, García and collaborators described six new genera.
While these genera share a variable pattern of the pseudo-triangular proventral
process; characters such as the cleft of the fourth maxillary palpomere is found only
in some genera and species, and the lateroposteroangular fold of the pronotum is
only present in some genera; such that there is considerable divergence in their
external and internal morphology (character states) of the genital terminalia and
genitalia of both males and females. It is important to note that each genus maintains
a unique pattern in these structures.
MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS
The Suphiselloides Genus Group comprises a diverse collection of aquatic
beetles, consisting of eight genera: Aponwaopterus: described by García and
Jiménez-Ramos in 2019a; Bicarinaus: introduced by García in 2018a; Polylobata:
García described it in 2019; Shepardhydras: named by García in 2018a; Llanoterus:
described by García and Camacho in 2018; Jolyssellus: introduced by García and
Jiménez-Ramos in 2019b; Suphisellus: this genus is the oldest and gives name to the
group, it is the best known.
Nota sobre el género Suphisellus.
García Ramírez.
127
The material studied is deposited in the collection of the Museo de Artrópodos
de La Universidad del Zulia (MALUZ). It should be noted that the syntypes of
Suphisellus bicolor, originally described from Louisiana, USA, are missing (Nilsson
2005).
In this study, individual characterizations of genera or species were not
performed but character states were identified in a general way, establishing
differences between them, due to the fact that they are already being performed in an
anatoxonomic study of the genus group. Taxa whose research is in preparation or in
press were included to expand the comparative aspect and evaluation of the
Suphiselloides Genus Group.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Suphiselloides Genus Group.
This research proposes the creation of the "Suphiselloides Genus Group" or "
Suphisellus Genus Group".
TAXONOMY
Coleoptera.
Noteridae Thomson, 1860.
Noterinae Thomson, 1860.
Noterini Thomson, 1860.
Suphiselloides Genus Group: Aponwaopterus, Bicarinaus, Jolyssellus,
Llanoterus, Polylobata, Shepardhydras and Suphisellus.
Aponwaopterus García and Jiménez-Ramos, 2019a:3
Aponwaopterus pemonus García and Jiménez-Ramos, 2019a: 9; TL:
Venezuela, Bolívar, La Gran Sabana; Holotipo MALUZ. Distribution: Venezuela.
Bicarinaus García 2018a: 359
Bicarina uveritensis García, 2018a:360; TL: Venezuela, Monagas, Uverito;
Holotype MIZA.
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Bicarinaus uveritensis García, 2018a:360; N. Nom.: García 2018b:417
Distribution: Venezuela.
Jolyssellus García and Jiménez-Ramos, 2019b:95
Hydrocanthus nigrinus Aubé, 1838:411; TL: Antilles, Brazil; Syntypes
MNHN; Descr.: Young 1979b:424; N. Comb.: Zimmermann 1921:205.
Canthydrus rufipes Sharp, 1882a:273; TL: Cuba; Young 1979b:424 BMNH;
N. Syn.: Young 1979b:424.
Canthydrus nigrinus (Aubé, 1838): Sharp 1882a:273 (Antilles, Brazil);
Branden 1885:17 (South America); Régimbart 1889a:261; (Argentina, Paraguay);
1889b:384 (Venezuela); Fleutiaux y Sallé 1890: 370 (Guadaloupe); Régimbart
1903:64 (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay); Zimmermann 1919:116 (Central and South
America); 1920a:12 (South America).
Canthydrus rufipes Sharp, 1882a:273 (orig. descr., Brazil, Cuba); 1882b:7
(Brazil, Cuba, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Panamá); 1887:749; (México); Branden
1885:18 (Brazil, Cuba); Régimbart 1895:342 (México); 1903c: 64 (Argentina,
Brazil, Uruguay); Zimmermann1919:117 (Argentina); 1920a:13 (Argentina, Brazil,
Cuba, México); Blackwelder 1944:73 (Argentina, Brazil, Chaco, Cuba, México,
Nicaragua, Panamá).
Hydrocanthus nigrinus Aubé, 1838:411 (orig. descr., Antillas, Brazil);
Gemminger and Harold 1868:444 (Antilles).
Suphisellus nigrinus (Aubé, 1838); Zimmermann 1921:205 (Brazil); 1925a:1
(Paraguay); Blackwelder 1944:73 (Argentina, Brazil, Guadaloupe, Paraguay);
Guignot 1957b:4 (Bolivia); Young 1979a:2 (Cuba, México, Panamá, South
America, West Indies); 1979b:424 (Antigua, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica,
Cuba, Ecuador, Jamaica, México, Panamá, Surinam, Trinidad, Venezuela); Spangler
1981:167 (Cuba); Benetti and Hamada 2003:704 (Brazil); Nilsson 2005:131 (cat.).
Suphisellus rufipes (Sharp, 1882): Benetti and Hamada 2003:704 (Brazil).
Jolyssellus nigrinus (Aubé 1838); N. Comb: García and Jiménez-Ramos:
2019b:129 (Venezuela) MALUZ.
Nota sobre el género Suphisellus.
García Ramírez.
129
Distribution: (NT) Antigua, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica,
Cuba, Ecuador, Guadaloupe, Guatemala, Jamaica, México, Nicaragua, Panamá,
Paraguay, Suriname, Trinidad, Uruguay, Venezuela.
Llanoterus García and Camacho 2018:173
Suphisellus shorti García, Benetti and Camacho, 2012:63; TL: Venezuela,
Apure, Biruaca; Holotype MALUZ.
Llanoterus shorti (García, Benetti and Camacho), 2012:63; N. Comb.: García
and Camacho 2018:174. Distribution: Venezuela.
Polylobata García, 2019:380
Polylobata guaricoa García, 2019:384; TL: Venezuela, Guárico, Holotype
MALUZ. Distribution: Venezuela
Shepardhydras García, 2018:365
Shepardhydras dytiscoide García, 2018a:366; TL: Venezuela, Apure, Samán
de Apure; Holotype MALUZ. Distribution: Venezuela.
Suphisellus Crotch, 1873:397
Noterus bicolor Say, 1830:33; TL: U.S., Louisiana (orig. descr.); Syntypes
lost; Descri.: Young 1979b:424; N. Comb.: Leech 1970:241.
Noterus bicolor Say, 1834:446; TL: U.S., Louisiana (2nd descr.); Syntypes
lost; preoccupied by Say 1830:33; N. Syn.: Nilsson 2005:127.
Canthydrus bicolor (Say, 1830): Sharp 1882a:271 (Carolina); Branden 1885:15
(North America); Leng y Mutchler 1918: 78 (Florida); Zimmermann 1919:115
(Louisiana); 1920a:10 (North America); Leng 1920:76 (Carolina, Florida, Luisiana).
Suphis bicolor (Say, 1830): Gemminger y Harold 1868:444 (North America);
Crotch 1873:397 (Florida, Georgia, Pennsylvania).
Suphisellus bicolor (Say, 1830): Leech 1970:241 (Alabama, Arkansas,
California, Louisiana, Texas); Folkerts 1978:347 (Alabama); Young 1979a:1
(Arkansas, California, Indiana, Louisiana, Texas); Whiteman and Sites 2003:226
(Missouri).
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Suphisellus bicolorbicolor (Say, 1830): Young 1979b:424 (Alabama,
Arkansas, California, Indiana, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas); White et al. 1985:361
(Indiana); Nilsson 2005:127 (cat.). Distribution: (NA) U.S. (Alabama, Arkansas,
California, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Texas).
Key to separate taxa of the Suphiselloides Genus Group.
1.- Pronotal lateroposteroangular pronotal fold absent; very convex rounded ovoid
body shape; single metatibial spur: laterodorsal margin of gonocoxa single
……...……………………………………………………………………Llanoterus.
- Pronotal lateroposteroangular fold present; elongated oval or robust body shape;
simple or serrated metatibial spur; laterodorsal margin of gonocoxa simple,
serrated or lobed..…………...……………………………………….………….....2
2.- Metatibial spur with double serrations.…...………………………………….…3
- Metatibial spur with a sierra………………….……………………………….…..4
3.- Oval shape with head and pronotum not forming a robust mass in line with the
elytral margin; laterodorsal margin of gonocoxa microtoothed; surface VII
abdominal ventrite laterally depressed in both sexes; (not published).............
…………………………………………………………………………. Gen. nov.1
-Oval shape forming a robust mass anteriorly, much attenuated towards the elytral
apex; surface VII abdominal ventrite laterally depressed in both sexes; gonocoxa
with simple laterodorsal margin………...….…………………………….Bicarinaus.
4.- Ventroabdominal surface VII transverse depresses transversely.......………… 5
- Ventroabdominal surface VII does not depress transversely…..…………….… 6
5.- Surface with a distinct broad transverse depression in males and females; lateral
margin continuous between head, pronotum and elytron; metatibial spur serrate at
apex; gonocoxa with one, two or three lobes at apex..............................Polylobata.
- Surface slightly depressed at abdominal apex, only in male; lateral margin very
discontinuous between head, pronotum and elytra; metatibial spur serrate at apex;
gonocoxa simple……………..………..…….…….…………………Aponwaopterus.
6.- VII abdominal ventrite with lateral depressions only in females..…………..….7
- VII abdominal ventrite with lateral depressions in male and females….....…..…8
7.- Metatibial spur serrate; lateral depression of VII abdominal ventrite separated by
a narrow convex longitumedial septum (male not depressed or slightly so);
laterodorsal margin of gonocoxa coarsely serrated with acute apex…..…Jolyssellus.
Nota sobre el género Suphisellus.
García Ramírez.
131
- Metatibial spur simple; lateral depression of VII abdominal ventrite very narrow
separated by a wide trident-shaped convex surface (males not depressed);
laterodorsal margin of gonocoxa simple with non-acute apex..……….Suphisellus.
8.- Surface with elytral pattern of two transverse bands per elytron; robust body
shape; serrated metatibial spur; laterodorsal margin of gonocoxa micro crenulated.
……………………………………….….…………………………....Shepardhydras.
- Elitral surface with banded or macular patterns scattered over the entire surface;
body shape not robust ………………………………………………...……….….. 8
8.- Longitudinal and lateral thin banded design; one metatibial spur with double
serrated margin; laterodorsal margin of single gonocoxa with acute apex; lateral
surface glabrous; (not published).…...……………………………….......Gen. nov.2
- Irregular macula design; single metatibial spur; laterodorsal margin of single
gonocoxa and acute apex; lateral surface micro-spinous; (not published)………
……………………………………………………………….……………Gen. nov.3
Note: Descriptions of taxa Gen. nov. 1, 2 and 3 are part of further individual
research.
Characteristics of the Suphiselloides Genus Group
The name "Suphiselloides" does not imply that they are groups of species
similar to Suphisellus. In fact, the genera that make up this group present a great
morphological diversity. If we make a morphological comparison of the habitus of
the species in dorsal or ventral view, we will not find significant changes and
everything will seem similar.
The true comparison of specimens must be made in lateral view because we
can observe that the profile of Suphisellus bicolor, for example, presents a different
pattern than the species of Polylobata, Jolyssellus, Bicarinaus, Llanoterus,
Shepardhydras and Aponwaopterus. Each of these species has a unique pattern that
is only observed in the other species of the same genus.
Thus, there is a great diversity of forms in the species classified as Suphisellus,
both in their general morphology and in their genital sclerites. In the case of the
male genitalia, only some species of Suphisellus have been illustrated, but in the ca-
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Vol. 58. Nº 1, Enero-Junio 2024, Pp. 124-137 132
se of the genera named above it can be said that if there are illustrations where it is
observed that the median lobe maintains an observable pattern among the species in
the genus, the same happens with the female genital sclerites. The records of female
genitalia made by Miller (2009), have contributed to the search have contributed to
the search for differences between the different genera, which has allowed the
separation of taxa. These differences are based on the character states of the
gonocoxa, gonocoxoesternites or laterotergites. In gonocoxae there are several
character states such as large or very small serrations or teeth, long or short crenulae
and apex with one or more lobes or simply the absence of them. These character
states allow distinguishing one taxon from another.
Character states of metatibial spurs and tarsal nails in different species allow
identification of morphological changes unique to each Suphiselloides genus. For
example, in some genera, one metatibial spur may have a serration on the apical
margin, while the second spur is simple. In other cases, both spurs may have
serrations on the apical margins, or even with the apical margin doubly serrated.
There are also cases in which both spurs do not present any modification. Likewise,
the nails show a great variability between genera. In each genus, species have a
specific tarsal formula in which the claws may be modified with teeth on the ventral
margin. Some common tarsal nail formulas are (3-3-3), (3-2-2), (2-3-3), (2-2-2) and
(1-1-1) or (0-0-0).
In summary, the process of morphological comparison of habitus in lateral
view, as well as the combination of character states in the genital sclerites,
metatibial spurs and tarsal nails constitutes a useful tool for the identification of the
different Suphiselloides genera other than Suphisellus.
Macular elytral patterns also present a generic pattern in the Suphiselloides
group. Likewise, it is important to note that genera with more than one species with
homogeneous coloration (without elytral bands or macules) differ from species with
heterogeneous coloration with banded or macular designs.
The author working on four species groups of Suphiselloides genera (in
preparation). Three of them have more than 30 species with the same elytral pattern
of bands or maculae. These bands or maculae vary among species of the same gen-
Nota sobre el género Suphisellus.
García Ramírez.
133
nus, as well as their lateral habitus; but maintaining the same generic pattern that
identifies them. This pattern has been corroborated with the genital structure of the
species of each genus Suphiselloides; no two specimens with almost similar banding
patterns and coloration have the same genital structure, examples of this descriptive
process can be found in the research of García and Briceño (2023) and García (2024,
in press).
In the first part of their study on the genus Llanoterus, García and Briceño
(2023) describe in detail more than 30 species using the same patterns of
differentiation that are presented in this research. This work represents a significant
contribution to the knowledge of this genus of beetles. Similarly, in García (2024, in
press), “Discovery of two new genera and nine species of detritivorous noterids in
the Venezuelan Amazon (Coleoptera: Noteridae: Noterinae)” is presented. This
research expands the information available on this genus and provides new data on
its taxonomy and distribution.
Both investigations are examples of the application of the descriptive method
in the study of beetle taxonomy. Through detailed observation and comparison of
specimens, the author has been able to identify and characterize new taxa, which
contributes to a better understanding of the diversity of these insects.
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ISSN2477-9458
BOLETIN
DEL CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIONES BIOLÓGICAS
AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY
PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF ZULIA, MARACAIBO, VENEZUELA
Vol.58, No1, Pp. 1-157, January-June 2024
Phenotype of resistance into MLSB and structural typing of the
Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) in
methicillin-resistant S. aureus coming from hands of food
handlers
Víctor Pico-Bracho, Jhoandry Rivera-Salazar, Velina Aranaga-
Natera, Isabel Mujica de Fernández, Yolaimis La Paz-Delgado e
Irene Zabala-Díaz…...……………………………………………….
1
Paracymus from Venezuela (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae:
Laccobiini), Part VII: Record of six new species.
Mauricio García Ramírez…….……..………………….......................
20
Influence of the hydrological regime on the composition of mangrove
sediments in El Tablazo Bay (Maracaibo System).
Flora Barboza, Ana Marta Francisco, Jacinto Sánchez y Ernesto
Medina……........................................................................................
45
Descubrimiento de dos nuevos géneros de escarabajos acuáticos
detritívoros Toneroides, en el Amazona venezolano
(Coleoptera: Noteridae: Noterinae).
Mauricio García Ramírez…………….……………………….……..…....
67
Scientific Notes.
New observations and expansion of the altitudinal range of wood
stork Mycteria americana (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Venezuela
Andes, suggest movements between bioregions.
Luis A. Saavedra, Alexis Araujo-Quintero y Carla I. Aranguren…..
112
Notes on the genera Suphisellus Crotch, 1873 and Suphisellus
Zimmermann, 1919, a cocktail of encrypted Suphiselloides
genera (Coleoptera: Noteridae: Noterinae: Noterini).
Mauricio García Ramírez…………………………..…………..……….
124
Instrucciones a los autores……………….…..…………………………
138
Instructions for authors……………….…..………………………...……
148
